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Prostatitis

Prostatitis is a disease of the prostate gland (prostate) that develops as a result of inflammatory changes in it. According to statistics, the prevalence of the disease reaches 35-50%, and is diagnosed in men aged 20-40 years.

prostatitis

Types

Allocate 4 forms of prostatitis:

  • acute (bacterial);
  • chronic bacterial;
  • chronic non-bacterial;
  • asymptomatic chronic.

Acute prostatitis is very rare because of the rapid course of the inflammatory process and immediate transition to the chronic stage (pseudo improvement).

Chronic non-bacterial prostatitis, otherwise it is called chronic pelvic pain syndrome may be inflammatory (with the presence in the urine and the ejaculate of the high content of white blood cells) and is not inflammatory in nature.

Reasons

The cause of acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis are pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi). The most common source of inflammation are:

  • Escherichia coli;
  • streptococci;
  • staphylococci;
  • Proteus;
  • Klebsiella;
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
  • the causative agents of sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, Mycoplasma, gonococcus, Trichomonas, cytomegalovirus, and others).

Most of the microorganisms located in the intestines, on the skin, but getting into the prostate tissue, they cause inflammation. As a rule, the cause of the disease is not a single pathogen, and the Association of several types of microbes.

The development of chronic prostatitis can trigger the following factors:

  • concomitant diseases of the urinary system (cystitis, pyelonephritis);
  • sedentary lifestyle (sedentary work);
  • prone to constipation;
  • the weakening of protective forces of organism;
  • injury;
  • hormonal imbalance;
  • alcohol abuse and Smoking;
  • promiscuity;
  • irregular sexual life (long abstinence);
  • coitus interruptus;
  • irregular emptying of the bladder;
  • unsatisfied sexual desire;
  • chronic stress;
  • hypothermia;
  • the presence of carious teeth and other sources of chronic infection (eg, chronic tonsillitis).

The symptoms of prostatitis

Acute prostatitis is a very insidious disease. "Catch" it quite difficult, as, first, the process quickly becomes chronic, and secondly, most patients prefer to "wait out" the symptoms of acute prostatitis at home. To the doctor patients with inflammation of the prostate often turn is already in advanced cases with disorders of erection and other consequences.

The acute form of the disease occurs on the background:

  • elevated temperature;
  • chills;
  • other signs of intoxication (weakness, lethargy, loss of appetite, etc.).

Inflammation of the prostate gland accompanied by pain in the perineum, in the groin area and the scrotum.

Characterized by painful and frequent urination. Sometimes in the urine, you may notice a whitish purulent discharge.

In addition, the patient can draw attention to the lack of night and morning erections, poor erections during sex and a sharp shortening of sexual intercourse.

Signs of chronic bacterial prostatitis may not be available or appear during periods of exacerbation. This stage is characterized by pain in the groin and lower abdomen, often radiating to the sacrum, lower back and scrotum.

There are the typical symptoms of disorders of urination: weak urine stream and frequent urination, although the urine itself stands out a bit.

Further, in the absence of treatment of chronic prostatitis reaches its climax: there are disorders of sexual function. For example:

  • insufficient erection or its absence;
  • painful erections, which the patient avoids sexual intercourse;
  • effacement orgasm;
  • short intercourse;
  • soreness ejaculation.

Poor General state of men: he gets tired quickly, constantly annoyed, trouble sleeping.

Chronic abacterial prostatitis is 95% of all prostatitis, hurt them, mostly men of about 30 years. It is characterized by constant or periodic pain in the pelvic area, the prostate, the scrotum, while in laboratory tests there are no signs of inflammation. The cause of the disease is uncertain.

Diagnosis

In the diagnosis of acute and chronic prostatitis in addition to collecting complaints, anamnesis and examination of the patient using the following methods:

  • General analysis of blood and urine;
  • microscopic examination of prostate secretion and planting it on a nutrient medium to detect the pathogen (the secret is obtained after the finger massaging the prostate through the rectum);
  • cytological examination of urine;
  • Ultrasound of the prostate and pelvic organs;
  • computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI);
  • smear from the urethra on flora.

Differential diagnosis aimed at delineating the prostatitis, BPH, prostate cancer, signs of stones in the prostate gland.

Full list of diagnostic procedures and drugs for treatment of prostatitis in the Federal standard of care from 2012.

Treatment of prostatitis

The same symptoms can be signs of different diseases, and the disease can occur not textbook. Do not try to be treated yourself — consult your doctor.

Treatment of prostatitis leads the surgeon-urologist.

The purpose etiotropic treatment aimed at eliminating the causes of prostatitis, is the elimination of the pathogen. Depending on the identified cause antibiotics, antiviral or antifungal medications. The duration of therapy in acute prostatitis is 7-10 days, chronic process is 4-8 weeks.

For the treatment of bacterial infections are used:

  • fluoride antibiotics hinolonovogo series (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin);
  • macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin);
  • doxycycline;
  • antibacterial drugs.

Antifungal are assigned oral and rectal candles.

In addition, there are other kinds of therapy:

  • anti allergic;
  • anti-inflammatory;
  • analgesic.

Appointed as:

  • physiotherapy;
  • therapeutic exercises;
  • massage of the prostate gland.

The entire course of treatment is 3-4 months.

Complications

Not cured prostatitis dangerous complications of the following:

  • obstruction of the bladder with subsequent acute urinary retention;
  • infertility;
  • recurrent inflammation of the bladder;
  • abscess of the prostate;
  • depression;
  • impotence;
  • BPH;
  • calculous prostatitis (the stone is such a debilitating pain);

Forecast

The prognosis of acute prostatitis favorable, timely treatment leads to full recovery. The frequency of exacerbations in chronic prostatitis reaches 50% and above, but with appropriate maintenance therapy may achieve sustained remission.

Prevention

For the prevention of disease must meet the following conditions:

  • regular sexual life with the constant partner;
  • avoiding harmful habits;
  • maintaining a healthy lifestyle (exercise, fresh air);
  • diet;
  • regular visits to the urologist.